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08年GCT英语考试:典型时态和特殊用法

在职研究生网    zzy.china-b.com    发布时间:2014年08月19日    来源:育龙网

1. 一般现在时:(1)表示已经预先计划或安排好的肯定将要发生的动作.主要用于be, come, go, start, begin, 1eave, return, end, stop, open, take place等瞬间动词.句中常有表示将来的时间状语。(2)在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中.表示将来的动作。如: The match takes place next Monday. / I will not go shopping, if it rains.
2. 现在进行时: (1)表示最近按计划或安排要做的事,往往有表示未来的时间状语. 能够这样用的动词有: arrive, come, leave, return, start, work, play, have等.(2) 与always, constantly, continually, forever等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在出状态,往往带有说话人的感情色彩。(3)在时间、条件从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。如:We are leaving on Friday. / He is constantly leaving his things about. 他老是乱扔东西./ Dont interrupt him if he is reading.

3. 现在完成时: 1)将来完成用法: 用于时间、条件状语从句中,说明将来某时刻以前动作完成的情况。2)用在固定结构中:往往是在定语从句中。3) ① 表示过去必定发生过的事情,是对发生在过去的一种行为的推测。② should (或ought to) + 完成式表示一个应该在过去做,而没有做的动作,它往往带有埋怨和后悔的情绪。如: 1) Ill go with you as soon as I have finished my work. / Its (will be) the first time I have been there.

注:①表示瞬间行为动词come, join, finish, marry, return等不能和表示延续的时间状语连用, 只能用系动词加表语结构来代替。如: He has been back for over a week. (不能用has come back) / I have been in the army for three years. (不能用have joined) ② since 过去的过去.常用的信号词有by(到,和hardly等句型的主句中,从句中常用一般过去时。如: By the end of last year, I had worked in this college for ten years. / No sooner had he finished his performance than the audience began to cheer. (=He had no sooner此时。有二种句型: My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. / Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking. / Someone knocked at the door while I was taking a shower. / Just as I was opening the door, the telephone rang.

4) 如果两个动作都引人注目且同时发生,并没有一个比另一个更形象,更主要时,那么两个动作都可以用过去进行时。如:My husband was reading while I was cooking.

7. 有些动词以主动形式出现,却有被动含义。 如:The knife cuts well. / Nylon underwear washes easily. 尼龙内衣容易洗 / The novels written by the young man sell well. 那个年青人写的小说销路好 / This ball-pen writes in four colours. 这支园珠笔可以写出四种颜色 / The note reads as follows. 字条上写着:

8. 短语动词构成的被动语态中,介词或副词不可省略。如:More schools and hospitals will be set up in the near future. / The old woman has been operated on. (这位老妇人已经动过了手术) / The purse was picked up and handed to the police.

此外,固定搭配 动词 + 名词 + 介词 习语中,介词也不能省掉。 Time must be made good use of./ Less clever children should not be made fun of.


发布者:ws2012

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